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Joined 2 years ago
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Cake day: June 7th, 2024

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  • My son’s science fair project was to measure how much water got used by taking showers vs baths, low-flow vs regular toilets, hand-washing vs dishwashers, etc. We had a pretty nasty drought in our state that year. He had plotted charts, calculated cost savings, learned how to use graphic software and printed color banners. Did it all himself.

    The next aisle over, a couple of kids had counted the number of colors in a bag of jellybeans. They had hand-drawn a bar chart on a board with a sharpie. However, they also had a bowl full of jellybeans and you could take a handful if you stopped by. They made sure the bowl was kept full. There was a line out the door.

    An important science lesson was learned that year.


  • I’ve been using these for constrained, boring development tasks since they first came out. “Pro” versions too. Like converting code from one language to another, or adding small features to existing code bases. Things I don’t really want to bother taking weeks to learn, when I know I’ll only be doing them once. They work fine if you take baby steps, make sure you do functional/integrated testing as you go (don’t trust their unit tests–they’re worthless), and review EVERYTHING generated. Also, make sure you have a good, working repo version you can always revert to.

    Another good use is for starting boilerplate scaffolding (like, a web server with a login page, a basic web UI, or REST APIs). But the minute you go high-level, they just shit the bed.

    The key point in that article is the “90%” one (in my experience it’s more like 75%). Taking a project from POC/tire-kicking/prototype to production is HARD. All the shortcuts you took to get to the end fast have to be re-done. Sometimes, you have to re-architect the whole thing to scale up to multiple users vs just a couple. There’s security, and realtime monitoring, and maybe compliance/regulatory things to worry about. That’s where these tools offer no help (or worse, hallucinate bad help).

    Ultimately, there’s no substitute for battle-tested, scar-tissued, human experience.

























  • Arduino is based on the ‘giant loop’ model, where you initialize settings in the setup() function, then wait for events (inputs, timers, handlers, etc) in the loop() function.

    Each time, the loop() function has to finish before it can be called again. So if there are timing related actions, there’s a chance they may fall out of sync or stutter. If you want to advance an animation frame, you’ll need to maintain all the state, and hope the loop gets called often enough so the frame can advance. If you want to sync up the animation to an RTC, then you’ll want to track whether the current loop syncs up with a time code before deciding whether to advance the animation (or not). Pretty soon your giant loop will likely get complicated and messy.

    Another option is to look at something like SoftPWM for controlling LEDs and see how they set up animation timing. Or to use the millis() function instead of delay() to manage timing. Adafruit has a nice tutorial on that: https://learn.adafruit.com/multi-tasking-the-arduino-part-1/using-millis-for-timing

    To get more asynchronous activity going, the next option is to move to a more task-based system like FreeRTOS. Here you set up ‘tasks’ which can yield to each other, so you can have more asynchronous events. But the mental model is very different than the Arduino loop. The toolchain is also completely different. Here’s a decent primer: https://controllerstech.com/freertos-on-arduino-tutorial-part-1/

    If your target device is an ESP32, the underlying OS is actually FreeRTOS. Arduino is a compatibility layer on top. So you can use the Arduino IDE and toolchain to write FreeRTOS tasks. Many peripheral device drivers can also be shared between the two. However, the minute you switch to tasks, the Arduino loop doesn’t work any more. Examples here: https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp32-freertos-arduino-tasks/

    From your description, it sounds like you may want to switch to FreeRTOS tasks.