as far as i understand, modern mining explosives are thick slurries (or ANFO) that in some cases aren’t explosive at all in trailer, these are made so at borehole. and even then these need boosters, because a blasting cap won’t be enough to set them off. these boosters are also gels or slurries but this time packaged in waterproof film so they look like sausages. these all are safer, probably cheaper and less toxic than actual dynamite so it’s the modern replacement

there definitely are separate licenses, but this depends on country of course

don’t worry you’re already on all of the important lists