I feel like without oil the middle East would be like northern Africa. No real natural resources to kickstart an economy leading to seemingly perpetual poverty.
Africa already had significant ancient civilisations before, the last century or so (when even advanced countries finally mostly ditch what we would see as poverty, like England) it was perpetually fubared by European nations, like literal atrocities we still don’t talk about.
Also Africa is very rich in resources. After all, that’s why every advanced nation with two extra cents invaded & pillaged it.
I feel like without oil the middle East would be like northern Africa. No real natural resources to kickstart an economy leading to seemingly perpetual poverty.
Africa already had significant ancient civilisations before, the last century or so (when even advanced countries finally mostly ditch what we would see as poverty, like England) it was perpetually fubared by European nations, like literal atrocities we still don’t talk about.
Also Africa is very rich in resources. After all, that’s why every advanced nation with two extra cents invaded & pillaged it.